In vivo inhibitory effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid combined with sorafenib on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

The present study aimed to investigate the in vivo inhibitory effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with sorafenib on human hepatocellular carcinoma HCCLM3 cells. The nude mice transplanted with HCCLM3 cells were randomly divided into control, SAHA, sorafenib and SAHA+sorafenib groups. The nude mice in the later 3 groups were intragastrically administrated with SAHA (10 mg·kg-1·day-1), sorafenib (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) and SAHA (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) combined with sorafenib (10 mg·kg-1·day-1), respectively, for successive 20 days. Finally, the inhibition rate of tumor was measured. The expressions of MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, MMP-2, MMP-9 and uPA in tumor tissues were determined. Results showed that, compared with SAHA and Sorafenib groups, in SAHA+sorafenib groups the inhibition rate of tumor was significantly increased (P < 0.05), the expression levels of MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and uPA protein in tumor tissues were significantly decreased, respectively (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of Bax and p53 protein were significantly increased, respectively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, compared with single drug, SAHA combined with sorafenib can enhance the inhibitory effects on HCCLM3 xenografts in nude mice.

Postoperative analgesia of Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for transversus abdominis plane block in laparoscopic surgery / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To observe the effect of postoperative analgesia of Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in laparoscopic surgery. Methods 60 patients underwent selective laparoscopic hernia repair were randomly divided into two groups: Ropivacine plus Dexmedetomidine group (Rpd group): Dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg + 0.4% Ropivacine 30 ml was injected into bilateral TAP, and Ropivacine group (R group): saline 1 ml+0.4% Ropivacine 30 ml was injected into bilateral TAP. Blood pressure and heart rate on beginning of the surgery, 1 h during surgery and leaving the operating room, VAS of immediate postoperative period, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h after the surgery, analgesic duration and incidence of nausea and vomiting of the two groups were recorded. Results Two groups have no difference in blood pressure and heart rate in all time points (P > 0.05), VAS score of 6 h, 8 h, 12 h after surgery in Rpd group were lower than in R group (P < 0.05), and VAS score of postoperative period, 4 h, 24 h after the surgery had no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Sensory block duration in Rpd group was longer than in R group (P < 0.05). Incidence of nausea and vomiting of the two groups had no difference in two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for Transversus Abdominis Plane block in laparoscopy patients can significantly prolong the analgesic duration.

Postoperative analgesia of Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for transversus abdominis plane block in laparoscopic surgery / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To observe the effect of postoperative analgesia of Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in laparoscopic surgery. Methods 60 patients underwent selective laparoscopic hernia repair were randomly divided into two groups: Ropivacine plus Dexmedetomidine group (Rpd group): Dexmedetomidine 1.0 μg/kg + 0.4% Ropivacine 30 ml was injected into bilateral TAP, and Ropivacine group (R group): saline 1 ml+0.4% Ropivacine 30 ml was injected into bilateral TAP. Blood pressure and heart rate on beginning of the surgery, 1 h during surgery and leaving the operating room, VAS of immediate postoperative period, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h after the surgery, analgesic duration and incidence of nausea and vomiting of the two groups were recorded. Results Two groups have no difference in blood pressure and heart rate in all time points (P > 0.05), VAS score of 6 h, 8 h, 12 h after surgery in Rpd group were lower than in R group (P < 0.05), and VAS score of postoperative period, 4 h, 24 h after the surgery had no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Sensory block duration in Rpd group was longer than in R group (P < 0.05). Incidence of nausea and vomiting of the two groups had no difference in two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Ropivacaine combined Dexmedetomidine for Transversus Abdominis Plane block in laparoscopy patients can significantly prolong the analgesic duration.

Effect of preventive moxibustion on heat shock proteins and stress hormones in natural menopausal rats / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of preventive moxibustion at the acupoint of 'Guanyuan" (CV 4) on the stress-related hormones, proteins and genes in natural menopausal rats, and explore its protective mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty eight healthy female SD rats were used in this study, in which 16 rats aged 4 months were used as normal control group, the rest 10-month-old rats with disorder of estrus cycle were randomly divided into 7 groups, including 4 control groups at the age of 10, 12, 14 and 16 months, and 3 preventive moxibustion groups at the age of 12, 14 and 16 months, 16 cases in each group. The 10-month-old rats were treated with preventive moxibustion at the acupoint of "Guanyuan" (CV 4), twice a week for 8 weeks consistently, then observed on the following 12, 14 and 16 months. Its effects on the level of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70), heat shock protein 70 mRNA (HSP 70 mRNA), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), beta-endorphin (beta-EP), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in the different nuclei of hypothalamus were examined with radio-immunity, immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the control groups, the expression of HSP 70 and HSP 70 mRNA was increased in paraventricular, arcuate and supraoptic nucleus, the level of CRH, beta-EP was showed with declining trend in volatility, while the content of ACTH was increased. In comparison to the same-aged control groups, the preventive moxibustion groups were showed that the expression of HSP 70 in the 14-month-old group was lower and the expression of HSP 70 mRNA in the 12 and 16-month-old group was significantly higher in the paraventricular nucleus (all P < 0.05), the expression of HSP 70 in the 12 and 14-month-old groups and HSP 70 mRNA in the 12-month-old group was significantly increased in the arcuate nucleus (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the expression of HSP 70 in the 14-month-old group and HSP 70 mRNA in the 12 and 16-month-old group was significantly decreased in the supraoptic nucleus (all P < 0.05), the content of CRH and ACTH decreased significantly in 14-month group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), but the content of beta-EP obviously went up in the 12-month-old group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Preventive moxibustion at the acupoint of "Guanyuan" (CV 4) can regulate the expression of stress proteins, genes and hormones in the hypothalamus for the natural menopausal rats, which might be playing a protective role.</p>

Experimental study on changes of expressions of ER-alpha and ER-alpha mRNA in different hypothalamic nuclei and the effect of "preventive acupuncture and moxibustion" in ovariectomy rats / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of "preventive acupuncture and moxibustion" for regulating hypothalamic function in ovariectomy rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty female SD rats, aged 3.5 months, were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group, ovariectomy model group, preventive acupuncture group and preventive moxibustion group. After "preventive acupuncture and moxibustion" were previously given to the preventive acupuncture group and the preventive moxibustion group for one month, respectively. At the same time, ovarietomy was made in the preventive acupuncture group, the preventive moxibustion group and the ovariectomy model group. For the sham operation group, only a little fat around the ovary was removed without ovariectomy, and nothing was not applied to the normal group. Immunohistochemical and in situs hybridization methods were used to investigate changes of expressions of ER-alpha and ER-alpha mRNA in paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus and arcuate nucleus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the model group the expressions of ER-alpha and ER-alpha mRNA in paraventricular nucleus and the expression of ER-alpha mRNA in supraoptic nucleus increased significantly (P<0.01), but the expression of ER-alpha dropped significantly in both supraoptic nucleus and arcuate nucleus (P<0.01). After preconditioning with acupuncture or moxibustion, the expression of ER-alpha mRNA in paraventricular nucleus significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the expression of ER-alpha had no significant change (P>0.05); the expression of ER-alpha in supraoptic nucleus and arcuate nucleus significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and the expression of ER-alpha mRNA in paraventricular nucleus had no significant change (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>"Preventive acupuncture and moxibustion" at "Guanyuan" (CV 4) have an effect on the expressions of ER-alpha and ER-alpha mRNA in different hypothalamic nuclei in ovariectomy rats, which possibly is one of the ways for modulating the hypothalamic activity.</p>

Effects of electroacupuncture on CRH, IL-2 and beta-EP contents in the hypothalamus in the rat of adjuvant arthritis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore Mechanisms of electroacupuncture in anti-inflammation and immunoregulation, and to compare differences among "Dazhui" (GV 14), "Mingmen "(GV 4) and non-acupoint in these actions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adjuvant arthritis rat model was made. The rats were divided into 5 groups: normal group, model group, "Dazhui" (GV 14) electroacupuncture group, "Mingmen" (GV 4) electroacupuncture group and non-acupoint electroacupuncture group. Effects of electroacupuncture on local joint inflammation and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), beta-endorphin (betaEP) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) contents in the hypothalamus were observed and differences of the actions among different points were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CRH content in the hypothalamus in the "Dazhui" (GV 14) electroacupuncture group decreased as compared with the model group (P < 0.05); there was no significant change in beta-EP and IL-2 contents of the hypothalamus in the 3 electroacupuncture groups as compared with the model group (P > 0.05); there was positive correlation between CRH and IL-2 contents, and between IL-2 and beta-EP contents in the hypothalamus. The swelling rate of the toe in the "Dazhui" (GV 14) group and the "Mingmen" (GV 4) group was lower than that in the non-acupoint group (P < 0 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electroacupuncture exerts anti-inflammation and immunoregulation possibly via regulation of CRH, IL-2 and beta-EP each other, and the anti-inflammation action of "Dazhui" (GV 14) and "Mingmen" (GV 4) is stronger than that of non-acupoint.</p>